After the carbon number and the dash, the name of the substituent can follow. A dash"-" must be placed between the numbers and the name of the substituent. (ex: 2- bromo-1- chloro-3- methylcyclopentane)Ħ) Indicate the carbon number with the functional group with the highest priority according to alphabetical order. One way to make sure that the lowest number possible is assigned is to number the carbons so that when the numbers corresponding to the substituents are added, their sum is the lowest possible.ĥ) When naming the cycloalkane, the substituents and functional groups must be placed in alphabetical order. A carbon with multiple substituents should have a lower number than a carbon with only one substituent or functional group.
Because cyclopropane is a substituent, it would be named a cyclopropyl-substituted alkane.ģ) Determine any functional groups or other alkyl groups.Ĥ) Number the carbons of the cycloalkane so that the carbons with functional groups or alkyl groups have the lowest possible number. The longest straight chain contains 10 carbons, compared with cyclopropane, which only contains 3 carbons. Cyclic hydrocarbons have the prefix "cyclo-".
The naming of cycloalkanes follows a simple set of rules that are built upon the same basic steps in naming alkanes.
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